A climate scientist applies computer models to his life

by Donella H. Meadows

At the university, Jonathan Foley makes computer models to study what might happen if the human economy continues to emit greenhouse gases.

Like hundreds of other climate scientists, he is deeply worried about global warming. Unlike most scientists, he carries that worry into his personal life.

The Foleys have done “all the usual things” to their house to reduce its fuel and electric needs. Above, Jonathan Foley installs compact fluorescent light bulbs with the help of daughter Hannah, 3. Photo: Jeff Miller “Zero carbon emissions is something anybody can do, just by making a few simple choices.” Jonathan Foley

For some time Jonathan and his wife, Andrea, and their 3-year-old daughter, Hannah, have been cutting down the amount of carbon dioxide they produce – which means the amount of coal, oil and gas they burn.

They used to live 25 miles out in the country and drive two cars. Now they’ve moved to a house four miles from the university with a bike lane at one end of the street and a bus line at the other. They’ve sold one car and rarely drive the other. “I was sick of all the driving anyway,” Foley says. “Now I have more time, a beautiful bike ride and no car payments.”

The Foleys have done “all the usual things” to their house to reduce its fuel and electric needs. Compact fluorescent light bulbs. Better insulation and ventilation. They found an electric utility that makes power with windmills, so they’re not contributing to climate change every time they flip on a switch. The house came fitted with a solar water heating system, so the sun heats about two-thirds of their showers and dishwater, even in cold Wisconsin.

That is already climate responsibility well above the call of duty, but last New Year’s Eve the Foleys decided to go all the way. They thought about the new millennium and decided to make a millennium- sized resolution to enter the 21st century: Emit no net carbon dioxide.

How can you do that? Well, to start, Foley is compiling the numbers on how much carbon he emits with every mile he drives, every computer he buys, every plastic bag he throws away. He’s constructed a spreadsheet to calculate his carbon budget and to integrate it with his money budget, so his family will march toward zero carbon emissions one step at a time, as they can afford it.

“This month we’re trading in our electric washer and dryer for a more efficient front-load washer and a lot of clothesline. We’ll get a gas dryer for wintertime. Next our goal is a more efficient refrigerator – the new domestic models are pretty good. The EPA Energy Star website lists all the alternatives.”

Foley

Foley aims first at high energy efficiency, then renewable sources. He expects there will be unavoidable carbon dioxide emissions left, mainly embedded in things the family buys. He intends to offset those emissions with green plants that will absorb the carbon dioxide.

A group called American Forests, Foley tells me, has calculated that the average American would have to plant 30 new trees every year (and keep them all growing) to suck up the carbon dioxide he or she emits. There’s not enough room for us all to do that. But Foley figures he’s already cut his family’s emissions in half and can get down considerably further, to a point where he can pull off the necessary planting. Living in southern Wisconsin, he intends to plant not just trees, but prairie.

Prairie restoration is a popular community activity around Madison, so the Foleys will help do the work and also contribute money to prairie- and tree-planting groups.

“It’s not all that hard,” Foley says. “Our quality of life has improved. We’re saving time and money, though some things, like the wind electricity, are more expensive. Zero carbon emissions is something anybody can do, just by making a few simple choices. People choose to spend tens of thousands of dollars for a sports utility vehicle with leather seats and a CD player. They could just as easily choose to buy better insulation or an efficient refrigerator or a solar water heater. Helping to prevent climate change isn’t a matter of our ability, just our choice. We’re not stuck. It’s not impossible.”

“But whenever I talk about this stuff at scientific meetings, my colleagues look at me dumbfounded. We seem to think we should testify to Congress about the Kyoto protocol and do nothing else. I’m surprised that other scientists aren’t more personally aware of their own actions. Airline travel to climate meetings is still my single largest emission of carbon dioxide – I’m counting work-related emissions in a separate budget. Isn’t it crazy that 100 scientists will fly to some remote place to discuss changes in the global carbon cycle?”

“I know my personal actions are only a drop in the bucket (or in this case the atmosphere). But as a scientist and teacher, I feel I have a moral obligation to lead, even in a small way, to show you can achieve a zero net carbon budget and still live comfortably and productively. Maybe if I set this kind of example, folks will begin to take the science I do a little more seriously.”

Donella H. Meadows is director of the Sustainability Institute and an adjunct professor of environmental studies at Dartmouth College. Meadows writes a syndicated column called “Global Citizen.” This is reprinted with permission.